This topic page introduces inductive flyback diodes. Inductive flyback refers to the voltage spike created by an inductor when its power supply is suddenly reduced or removed.
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In this project, we will demonstrate how to use a relay to control a circuit. A relay is an electrically operated switch that is typically used to control high power circuits.
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In this project, we will be generating sound using a piezoelectric buzzer. We will initially explore how to generate different frequencies by cycling a digital pin from HIGH to LOW at different rates. We will then examine some of the fundamentals of music theory and how they can help us play music with our buzzer.
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In this project, a button is again used to control an on-board LED, but things get a bit more complicated. Instead of simply having the state of the LED correspond to the state of the button, in this project the LED's state will toggle every time the button is pushed.
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This section covers the hardware aspect of serial communications; how the message is sent through the wire and the general aspect of how the hardware works on the board.
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Relay Controlled Camera Flash
In this design challenge we will use a relay to control the flash circuit found in a disposable camera. Specifically we will modify the circuit built in the relay controlled LEDs project.
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A transimpedance amplifier is a circuit that will produce a scaled output voltage that is proportional to a supplied input current (this type of circuit is often considered a current controlled voltage source).
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The field of music theory tries to define what music is and how it is made. A key concept from music theory is the use of musical notes. Obviously, musical notes are used to compose songs, so understanding them and how they are organized will prove very useful. In this background topic page, we will examine the notes on a piano and how they are arranged.
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Defining and Using Arrays
An “array” is essentially a collection of variables stored sequentially in memory. Defining an array is much quicker and more manageable than defining multiple variables. You simply need to indicate the data type of the values the array will store, the name of the array, and the number of values you want to be stored.
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In programming, a string is simply a series of characters grouped together. Strings provide a convenient way for storing groups of characters, like words or sentences. When dealing with strings, there are two primary types to worry about.
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This is a basic description of the operation of the Serial Peripheral interface bus (SPI for short). SPI is a common serial communication protocol used to communicate between two or more digital devices.
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For this project, we will be expanding on the concepts introduced in the Creating Music With a Piezo Element project by creating a sine wave generator. Instead of rapidly toggling a digital pin high or low to generate an output signal, we will be using an external digital to analog converter (DAC for short) for more control over the signal. Additionally, we will be incorporating potentiometers for volume and frequency control of the sine wave.
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In this page, we will talk about the MCP23008 I/O Expander IC. This IC is used to expand the number of I/O pins available. It also has a number of features that allow us to configure how pins when set to input react and otherwise behave.
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This page discusses the concept of non-blocking delays as a way to allow multiple periodic events to occur while allowing other functions to run during the time between calls.
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